Demographic change: physical activity as a protection factor for healthy aging

Main Article Content

Xiomara Jiménez-Morales, Lic

Keywords

aging, life quality, physical exercise, cognition, health

Abstract

The population of the developed and developing world faces an increasing aging phenomenon; our societies must advance in health services for older adults. One of the variables that favor life quality in late adulthood is continuous physical exercise, this practice not only helps aspects of physical health, but also cognitive health, helping processes like spatial and episodic memory as well as working memory and visuospatial attention. Physical exercise also reduces the risk of emotional disorders and chronic physical diseases. Demographic variables as educational level, gender and geographical residence are also related to performance of physical activity in adulthood. Knowing the promoting factors of physical activity, as well as the development of research applied to the topic is a major issue in public health.

Abstract 1680 | PDF (Español (España)) Downloads 1140

References

1. Organización Mundial de la Salud. Informe Mundial sobre el Envejecimiento y la Salud. New York, USA: OMS, 2015. Disponible en: https://bit.ly/2UlY1sW

2. Instituto Nacional de Estadística y Censos. Encuesta Nacional de Hogares. San José, Costa Rica: INEC, 2018. Disponible en: https://bit.ly/3eZlKXF

3. Instituto Nacional de Estadística y Censos. Censo Nacional de Población. San José, Costa Rica: INEC, 2011. Disponible en: https://bit.ly/2zbwrak

4. World Health Organization. Active Ageing: a Policy Framework. New York, USA: WHO, 2002. Disponible en: https://bit.ly/2XIxMPe

5. Organización Mundial de la Salud. Manual de Recomendaciones Mundiales sobre Actividad Física para la Salud. New York, USA: OMS, 2010. Disponible en: https://bit.ly/3f1myLL

6. Lok, N.; Lok, S.; & Canbaz, M. The effect of physical activity on depressive symptoms and quality of life among elderly nursing home residents: randomized controlled trial. Arch. of Geront. and Geriat. 2017; 70: 92-98. doi: 10.1016/j.archger.2017.01.008

7. Recchioniet, R.; Marcheselli, F.; Antonicelli, R.; Mensà, E.; Lazzarini, R.; Procopio, A.D.; et al. Epigenetic effects of physical activity in elderly patients with cardiovascular disease. Exp. Geront. 2017; 100: 17-27. doi:10.1016/j.exger.2017.10.016

8. Castro-Jiménez, L. & Galvis-Fajardo, C. Efecto de la actividad física sobre el deterioro cognitivo y la demencia. Rev. Cub. de Salud Pública. 2018; 44 (3): 1-24. Disponible en: https://bit.ly/2Ya79C6

9. Hayes, S.M.; Alosco, M.L.; Hayes, J.P.; Cadden, M.; Peterson, K.M.; Allsup, K.; et al. Physical Activity Is Positively Associated with Episodic Memory in Aging. J. Int. Neuropsychol. Soc. 2015; 21(10): 780-790. doi:10.1017/S1355617715000910

10. Kimura, K.; Yasunaga, A. & Wang, L.Q. Correlation between moderate daily physical activity and neurocognitive variability in healthy elderly people. Arch. of Geront. and Geriat. 2013; 56 (1): 109-117. doi: 10.1016/j.archger.2012.10.004

11. Kimura, K. & Hozumi, N. Investigating the acute effect of an aerobic dance exercise program on neuro-cognitive function in the elderly. Psych. of Sport and Exerc. 2012; 13(1): 623-629. doi:10.1016/j.psychsport.2012.04.001

12. Erickson, K. I. Weinstein, A. M. & López, O., L. Physical activity, brain plasticity, and Alzheimer’s disease. Arch. of Med. Res. 2012, 43(8): 615-621. doi: 10.1016/j.arcmed.2012.09.008

13. Ruscheweyh, R.; Willemer, C.; Krüger, K.; Duning, T.; Warnecke, T.; Sommer J.; et al. Physical activity and memory functions: An interventional study. Neurob. of Ag. 2011; 32 (1): 1304–1319. doi:10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2009.08.001

14. Wang, C. H.; Tsai, C. L.; Tseng, P.; Yang, A. C.; Lo, M. T.; Peng, C. K.; et al. The association of physical activity to neural adaptability during visuo-spatial processing in healthy elderly adults: A multiscale entropy analysis. Brain and Cogn. 2014; 92: 73–83. doi: 10.1016/j.bandc.2014.10.006

15. Wang, C. H.; Chang, C. C.; Liang, Y. M.; Shih, C. M.; Muggleton, N. G. & Juan, C. H.
Temporal preparation in athletes: A comparison of tennis players and swimmers with sedentary controls. J. of Motor Behav. 2013, 45(1): 55–63. doi: 10.1080/00222895.2012.740522

16. Trajkov, M.; Eminović, F.; Radovanović, S.; Dopsaj. M.; Pavlović. D. & Kljajić, D. Quality of life and depression in elderly persons engaged in physical activities. Vojn. Preg. 2018, 75(2): 177-184. doi: 10.2298/VSP160329336T

17. Barbosa, S. & Urrea, A. Influencia del deporte y la actividad física en el estado de salud físico y mental: una revisión bibliográfica. Rev. Kat. 2018, 25: 141-159. doi: 10.25057/issn.2500-5731

18. Orsega-Smith, E.; Getchell, N. & Palkovitz, L. Does Gender Influence Physical Activity and Psychosocial Factors in Older Exercisers? A Pilot Study. Wom. in Sprt. and Phys. Act. Jrnl. 2012, 21(1): 61-70. doi: 10.1123/wspaj.21.1.61

19. Chen, Y.; While, A. E. & Hicks, A. Physical activity among older people living alone in Shanghai, China. H. Educ. Jrnl. 2015, 74(2): 156–167. doi: 10.1177/0017896914523943

20. Campos, R.; Gomes, T.; Faccin, G.; Oliveira, R. & Carvalho, D.C. Factors associated with low levels of physical activity among elderly residents in a small urban area in the interior of the Brazilian Amazon. Arch. of Geront. and Geriat. 2018, 75: 37-43. doi: 10.1016/j.archger.2017.11.007

21. Crhysohoou, C.; Psaltopoulou, T.; Panagiotakos, D.; Pitsavos, C.; Lazaros, G.; Skoumas, J. et. al. Aortic elastic properties and cognitive function in elderly individuals: The Ikaria study. Matur. 2013, 74 (3): 241–245. doi: 10.1016/j.maturitas.2012.11.010

22. García, A. & Jiménez, B.C. Envejecimiento y urbanización: implicaciones de dos procesos coincidentes. Inv. Geog. 2016, 89: 58-73. doi: 10.14350/rig.47362

23. Astell-Burt, T.; Feng, X. & Kolt, G. S. Mental health benefits of neighbourhood green space are stronger among physically active adults in middle-to-older age: Evidence from 260,061 Australians. Prev. Med. 2013, 57(5), 601-606. doi: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2013.08.017

24. Van Cauwenberg, J., Clarys, P., De Bourdeaudhuij, I., Van Holle, V., Verté, D., De Witte, N., et al. Physical environmental factors related to walking and cycling in older adults: the Belgian aging studies. BMC Pub. Heal. 2012, 12(1): 142-154. doi:10.1186/1471-2458-12-142