Symptoms Treated at the Camilo Cienfuegos Provincial General Hospital, Sancti Spíritus, Cuba, 2022
Main Article Content
Keywords
COVID-19, Pregnancy, Respiratory Tract Infections, Pregnant Women, Prevalence
Abstract
COVID-19 has posed a significant challenge to global public health since late 2019. During pregnancy, physiological, metabolic, and immunological changes may increase susceptibility to respiratory infections and the risk of maternal and obstetric complications associated with COVID-19.
Objective: To determine the prevalence of COVID-19 in pregnant women with respiratory symptoms treated at the Camilo Cienfuegos Provincial General Hospital, Sancti Spíritus, Cuba, during 2022.
Methods: A descriptive, cross-sectional study was conducted in a sample of 208 pregnant women with confirmed COVID-19 and respiratory symptoms. Data were obtained from institutional clinical records and analyzed using descriptive statistics with Microsoft Excel.
Results: The highest prevalence of COVID-19 was observed among women in the second trimester of pregnancy (43.75%), followed by the third trimester (37.98%) and the first trimester (18.26%). Regarding personal medical history, most patients had no previous comorbidities (52.88%), followed by overweight or obesity (20.67%) and chronic respiratory diseases (5.76%).
Conclusions: COVID-19 in pregnant women with respiratory symptoms was more frequent during the second and third trimesters of pregnancy. Although most patients experienced a mild clinical course, the presence of comorbidities and the gestational state entail a potential risk of obstetric complications, underscoring the need for close clinical follow-up and continuous epidemiological surveillance in this vulnerable group.
References
2. Haizler-Cohen L, Davidov A, Blitz MJ, Fruhman G. Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 antibodies in pregnant women admitted to labor and delivery units. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2021;224(1):112–114. doi:10.1016/j.ajog.2020.09.022
3. Savirón-Cornudella R, Villalba A, Zapardiel J, Andeyro-García M, Esteban LM, Pérez-López FR. Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) universal screening in pregnant women during labor and delivery. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol. 2021;256:400–404. doi:10.1016/j.ejogrb.2020.11.069
4. Organización Panamericana de la Salud. Actualización epidemiológica: enfermedad por coronavirus (COVID-19). Washington, DC: OPS; 22 de julio de 2021. Disponible en: https://www.paho.org/es/documentos/actualizacion-epidemiologica-enfermedad-por-coronavirus-covid-19-22-julio-2021
5. Islas-Cruz MF, Cerón-Gutiérrez D, Templos-Morales A, Ruvalcaba-Ledezma JC, Cotarelo-Pérez AK, Reynoso-Vázquez J, et al. Complicaciones por infección de COVID-19 en mujeres embarazadas y neonatos en el año 2020. JONNPR. 2021;6(6):881–897. Disponible en: https://revistas.proeditio.com/jonnpr/article/view/4131
6. Instituto de Evaluación de Tecnologías en Salud e Investigación (IETSI). Recomendaciones de manejo clínico para los casos de COVID-19. Lima: Seguro Social de Salud (EsSalud); 2020. Disponible en: http://www.essalud.gob.pe/ietsi/pdfs/guias/RECOMEND_MANEJO_CLINICO_PARA_LOS_CASOS_DE_COVID_19.pdf
7. Chen M, Zeng J, Liu X, Sun G, Gao Y, Liao J, et al. Changes in physiology and immune system during pregnancy and coronavirus infection: a review. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol. 2020;255:124–128. doi:10.1016/j.ejogrb.2020.10.035
8. Kourtis AP, Read JS, Jamieson DJ. Pregnancy and infection. N Engl J Med. 2014;370(23):2211–2218. doi:10.1056/NEJMra1213566
9. Córdoba-Vives S, Fonseca-Peñaranda G. COVID-19 y embarazo. Rev Med Costa Rica. 2020;85(629):22–29. Disponible en: http://revistamedicacr.com/index.php/rmcr/article/view/288
10. Ministerio de Salud Pública de Cuba. Coronavirus en Cuba. Información oficial del MINSAP. La Habana: MINSAP; 2020. Disponible en: https://salud.msp.gob.cu/
11. Marañón-Cardonne T, Mastrapa-Cantillo K, Poulut-Durades TM, Vaillant-Lora LD. COVID-19 y embarazo: una aproximación en tiempos de pandemia. MEDISAN. 2020;24(4):707–727. Disponible en: http://scielo.sld.cu/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1029-30192020000400707
12. Ministerio de Sanidad. Documento técnico: manejo de la mujer embarazada y el recién nacido con COVID-19. Madrid: Gobierno de España; 17 de junio de 2020. Disponible en: https://www.sanidad.gob.es/profesionales/saludPublica/ccayes/alertasActual/nCov/documentos/Documento_manejo_embarazo_recien_nacido.pdf
13. Guevara-Ríos E, Carranza-Asmat C, Zevallos-Espinoza K, Espinola-Sánchez M, Arango-Ochante P, Ayala-Peralta F, et al. Prevalencia y caracterización de gestantes seropositivas para SARS-CoV-2. Rev Peru Investig Mater Perinat. 2020;9(2):11–15. doi:10.33421/inmp.2020198
14. Collantes-Cubas JA, Pérez-Ventura SA, Morillo-Montes OE, Terrones-Julcamoro G, Huancahuire Aguilar GA, Benites-Pajares JM, et al. Características clínicas de gestantes en trabajo de parto con infección por SARS-CoV-2 en la altura: serie de casos. Rev Peru Ginecol Obstet. 2020;66(3):e00010. doi:10.31403/rpgo.v66i2276
15. Barja-Ore J, Valverde-Espinoza N, Campomanes-Peláez E, Alaya-Rodríguez N, Sánchez-Garavito E, Silva-Ramos J, et al. Características epidemiológicas y complicaciones obstétricas en gestantes con diagnóstico de COVID-19 en un hospital público. Rev Cubana Med Militar. 2021;50(4). Disponible en: https://revmedmilitar.sld.cu/index.php/mil/article/view/1644
16. Monzón-Benítez G, Suárez-Besil B, Marcheco-Teruel B, Roblejo-Balbuena H, González-Torres M, Piloto-Padrón M, et al. COVID-19 en gestantes cubanas. Rev Cubana Med Gen Integral. 2021;37. Disponible en: https://revmgi.sld.cu/index.php/mgi/article/view/1932
17. Mullins E, Hudak ML, Banerjee J, Getzlaff T, Townson J, Barnette K, et al. Pregnancy and neonatal outcomes of COVID-19: co-reporting of common outcomes from PAN-COVID and AAP-SONPM registries. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol. 2021;57(4):573–581. doi:10.1002/uog.23619
18. Lira-Lucio JA, Roldán-Rodríguez E, Ochoa-Millán JG, Hernández-Escobar L, Padilla-Rivera CI, Ochoa-Gaitán G. Factores asociados a mal pronóstico en embarazadas con diagnóstico de SARS-CoV-2. Ginecol Obstet Mex. 2020;88(7):450–457. doi:10.24245/gom.v88i7.4242
19. Vigil-De Gracia P, Luo C. Coronavirus infection (SARS-CoV-2) in pregnant women: systematic review. Authorea. 2020. doi:10.22541/au.158592515.56139684
20. Di Mascio D, Khalil A, Saccone G, Rizzo G, Buca D, Liberati M, et al. Outcome of coronavirus spectrum infections (SARS, MERS, COVID-19) during pregnancy: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Am J Obstet Gynecol MFM. 2020;2(2):100107. Disponible en: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7104131/
Article Sidebar
Article Details
Copyright (c) 2025 Lic. Adrian González Méndez, MD Francis Maweah, MD Francia Jeaneve James, Lic. Aleinis Jiménez García, MD Lázaro Rogelio Morell León
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
RHCS uses the Creative Commons License 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0). For more information, please visit
MD Lázaro Rogelio Morell León, University of Medical Sciences. Sancti Spíritus, Cuba.
Doctor en Medicina. Especialista en Segundo Grado de Higiene y Epidemiologia.